Application of Silver Nanoparticles in Experimental Physiology and Clinical Medicine: Current Status and Future Prospects

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are today one of the most commonly used nanomaterials both in fundamental medical sciences and clinical practice. These nanoparticles are also incorporated into many commercial products and widely available to general population. However, recent reports have linked silver nanomaterials to programmed cell death, and increased cytotoxicity in certain conditions. This short review focuses on the recent findings regarding molecular interactions of silver nanoparticles with living cells and tissues. Potential immunomodulatory effects of AgNPs, as well as recent toxicity concerns are also discussed. Finally, we also describe recent public and government efforts to monitor and control the use and availability of silver nanomaterials used as dietary supplements in some countries.